Free vs Paid ISBN Numbers: Which Option Is Right for You? -

When you’re publishing a book, one of the key decisions you’ll face is whether to obtain a free or paid International Standard Book Number (ISBN). While an ISBN number is essential for the identification and sale of your book, the choice between a free and paid ISBN number can have significant implications for your publishing process, distribution, and control over your intellectual property.

In this article, we’ll break down the differences between free and paid ISBNs, explore their pros and cons, and help you determine which option is the best fit for your publishing goals.

The Difference Between Free and Paid ISBNs

Free ISBN number

Some self-publishing platforms, such as Amazon Kindle Direct Publishing (KDP) and IngramSpark, offer a free ISBN option when you publish with them. The catch? You don’t own the ISBN.

Ownership: When you use a free ISBN provided by a platform, the publisher’s name (in this case, the platform) will appear as the “publisher” of record. This means that the self-publishing platform is technically listed as the publisher, not you, which may affect your control over the book in the long run.
Control: Since the platform is the publisher of record, they retain rights over your ISBN. If you ever want to switch publishing platforms, you may face challenges, as the ISBN is tied to that platform’s catalog.
Usage: Free ISBNs are primarily offered for use on that specific platform. While you can often use the same ISBN across different retailers, there may be limitations, and transferring it to another service can be difficult.

Paid ISBN number

On the other hand, paid ISBNs are typically purchased through ISBN agencies like Bowker (in the U.S.) or Nielsen (in the UK). These ISBNs are fully owned by you, providing more flexibility and control.

Ownership: When you purchase an ISBN, you are the official publisher of record. This means your name or your publishing company’s name will appear as the publisher on the book’s ISBN record. You retain full ownership and control of the ISBN.
Control: A paid ISBN gives you the freedom to publish your book through any platform, whether traditional or self-publishing, without worrying about restrictions or the need to change ISBNs if you switch platforms.
Usage: Paid ISBNs are not tied to any specific platform, meaning you can use them across multiple retailers and publishing channels without issue.

Pros and Cons of Free ISBNs

Pros

Cost-effective: Free ISBNs are, well, free. They can be an attractive option for authors who are just starting out or those looking to minimize initial expenses.
Quick to Obtain: Platforms like Amazon KDP allow you to publish your book and get an ISBN instantly, without any extra steps.

Cons

Limited Control and Ownership: You won’t be listed as the publisher, which may limit your ability to create a strong author brand and may affect your book’s professionalism.
Limited Flexibility: If you decide to switch platforms, you may not be able to take your ISBN with you, and you could end up having to buy a new ISBN for your book.

Future Complications: If your book becomes successful and you want to expand your publishing footprint, having a free ISBN could limit your options for distribution and could create additional paperwork down the line.

Pros and Cons of Paid ISBNs

Pros

Full Ownership: You own the ISBN and are the official publisher of record, allowing you to build your brand and establish a professional reputation.
Flexibility Across Platforms: A paid ISBN allows you to publish through multiple channels without restrictions or complications.
Better Distribution Opportunities: Some bookstores and libraries may prefer books published with a paid ISBN because it makes tracking and inventory management easier.
Brand Building: If you plan to start your own publishing company or brand, owning your ISBN allows you to brand your books more professionally.

Cons

Cost: The main downside of a paid ISBN is the upfront cost. In the U.S., a single ISBN typically costs around $125, though discounts apply when you purchase in bulk.
More Complex Process: Buying a paid ISBN may involve more paperwork and a longer process, as you’ll need to register the ISBN through an official agency.

Which Option is Right for You?

The choice between a free and paid ISBN depends on your publishing goals, budget, and long-term plans. Here are some guidelines to help you make the right decision:

Choose a Free ISBN number If:

You’re just starting out and are looking to minimize initial costs.
You plan to publish your book only on a single platform (e.g., Amazon KDP) and are okay with the platform being listed as the publisher.
You don’t plan on switching publishing platforms or expanding your publishing footprint anytime soon.

Choose a Paid ISBN number If:

You want full control over your book and want to be listed as the publisher.
You plan to distribute your book through multiple platforms (such as Amazon, Barnes & Noble, IngramSpark) or sell in bookstores and libraries.

You plan to grow your publishing career and establish a long-term author brand.
You’re looking for more professional control and the ability to change platforms without hassle.

Conclusion

Ultimately, the decision between a free and paid ISBN number is about weighing your immediate needs against your long-term goals. If you’re simply testing the waters with self-publishing, a free ISBN number might be a suitable choice. However, if you plan on building a brand, distributing your book through various platforms, or having more control over your intellectual property, investing in a paid ISBN number could be the better long-term option.

No matter which route you take, make sure you understand the implications of your choice and how it will affect your publishing experience.